Glossary

Autotroph

An organism that uses inorganic carbon, usually carbon dioxide, as its main carbon source.

AntonymsHeterotroph
Not to be confused withAuxotroph
NotesAutotroph and heterotroph describe carbon source, not energy source.Energy source is described separately with terms like phototroph and chemotroph; electron donor is described with terms like lithotroph and organotroph.
RelatedHeterotroph, Auxotroph, Chemotroph, Phototroph, Lithotroph, Organotroph

Auxotroph

A strain that cannot synthesize a compound required for growth and must receive it from the growth medium.

AntonymsPrototroph
Not to be confused withAutotroph
NotesAuxotroph and prototroph describe whether a strain can synthesize required growth compounds.
RelatedPrototroph, Autotroph

Chassis

The host organism or cell system used as the biological platform for genetic parts, circuits, or engineered functions.

Chemotroph

An organism that gets energy from chemical compounds rather than light.

AntonymsPhototroph
NotesChemotroph and phototroph describe energy source, not carbon source.Carbon source is described separately with terms like autotroph and heterotroph; electron donor is described with terms like organotroph and lithotroph.
RelatedPhototroph, Autotroph, Heterotroph, Organotroph, Lithotroph

Heterotroph

An organism that uses organic compounds as its main carbon source.

AntonymsAutotroph
NotesAutotroph and heterotroph describe carbon source, not energy source.A heterotroph may still use light or chemical reactions as an energy source depending on its metabolism.
RelatedAutotroph, Chemotroph, Phototroph, Organotroph, Lithotroph

Lithotroph

An organism that uses inorganic compounds as electron donors in its metabolism.

AntonymsOrganotroph
Not to be confused withAutotroph
NotesLithotroph and organotroph describe electron donor, not carbon source or energy source.Carbon source is described separately with terms like autotroph and heterotroph; energy source is described with terms like phototroph and chemotroph.
RelatedOrganotroph, Autotroph, Heterotroph, Chemotroph, Phototroph

Organotroph

An organism that uses organic compounds as electron donors in its metabolism.

AntonymsLithotroph
Not to be confused withHeterotroph
NotesOrganotroph and lithotroph describe electron donor, not carbon source or energy source.Carbon source is described separately with terms like autotroph and heterotroph; energy source is described with terms like phototroph and chemotroph.
RelatedLithotroph, Heterotroph, Autotroph, Chemotroph, Phototroph

Phototroph

An organism that gets energy from light.

AntonymsChemotroph
Not to be confused withPrototroph
NotesPhototroph and chemotroph describe energy source, not carbon source.Carbon source is described separately with terms like autotroph and heterotroph; electron donor is described with terms like organotroph and lithotroph.
RelatedChemotroph, Prototroph, Autotroph, Heterotroph, Organotroph, Lithotroph

Prototroph

A strain that can synthesize all compounds required for growth from a minimal set of nutrients.

AntonymsAuxotroph
Not to be confused withPhototroph
NotesPrototroph and auxotroph describe biosynthetic requirements, not energy source.
RelatedAuxotroph, Phototroph

Pseudomonadota

A major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that includes many metabolically diverse groups, historically known as Proteobacteria.

SynonymsProteobacteria